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Preface |
page xi |
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| 1 |
The concept of the adaptive landscape |
1 |
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What is an adaptive landscape? |
1 |
|
Modelling evolution in adaptive landscapes |
4 |
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| 2 |
Modelling natural selection in adaptive landscapes |
6 |
|
Visualizing natural selection |
6 |
|
Modelling directional selection |
7 |
|
Modelling stabilizing selection |
10 |
|
Modelling disruptive selection |
13 |
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Modelling less-than-optimum evolution |
16 |
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Evolutionary topology of adaptive landscapes |
19 |
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Why has evolution not ceased? |
22 |
|
Modelling environmental and ecological change |
24 |
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| 3 |
Modelling evolutionary phenomena in adaptive landscapes | 31 |
|
Evolution in geological time |
31 |
|
Modelling convergent evolution |
32 |
|
Modelling iterative evolution |
36 |
|
Modelling speciation by cladogenesis |
38 |
|
Modelling hyperdimensionality in adaptive landscapes |
45 |
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Are adaptive landscapes of heuristic value only? |
51 |
| |
| 4 |
The concept of the theoretical morphospace |
57 |
|
What is a theoretical morphospace? |
57 |
|
Procedural phases of theoretical morphospace analyses |
60 |
|
Creating theoretical morphospaces: an example |
63 |
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| 5 |
Analysing the role of adaptive evolution in theoretical morphospaces |
71 |
|
Functional analysis in theoretical morphospace |
71 |
|
Adaptive significance of existing and nonexistent ammonoid form |
72 |
|
Adaptive significance of existing and nonexistent brachiopod form |
77 |
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Adaptive significance of existing and nonexistent plant form |
82 |
| |
| 6 |
Analysing evolutionary phenomena in theoretical morphospaces |
90 |
|
Analysing evolution in geological time |
90 |
|
Analysing convergent evolution in theoretical morphospace |
90 |
|
Analysing iterative evolution in theoretical morphospace |
96 |
|
Analysing biodiversity crises in theoretical morphospace |
100 |
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| 7 |
Evolutionary constraint in theoretical morphospace |
108 |
|
Potential causes of empty morphospace |
108 |
|
Modelling geometric constraint |
109 |
|
Modelling functional constraint |
111 |
|
Modelling phylogenetic constraint |
112 |
|
Modelling developmental constraint |
114 |
|
Analysing evolutionary constraint in theoretical morphospaces |
117 |
|
Mapping geometric constraint boundaries |
118 |
|
Mapping functional constraint boundaries |
124 |
|
Analysing intrinsic constraints |
127 |
|
Modelling the evolution of intrinsic constraints |
134 |
|
Evolutionary constraint and the phenomenon of convergent evolution |
144 |
|
Is the concept of phylogenetic constraint of heuristic value only? |
150 |
| |
| 8 |
Evolutionary development in theoretical morphospace |
152 |
|
The concept of developmental constraint |
152 |
|
Transformation theory and theoretical morphospaces |
155 |
|
Epigenetic landscapes and theoretical morphospaces |
159 |
|
Analysing development in theoretical morphospace |
163 |
|
Theoretical developmental morphospaces? |
167 |
|
How does an organism come to be? |
172 |
| |
| 9 |
There is much to be done … |
174 |
|
Adaptive landscapes and theoretical morphospaces |
174 |
|
Current progress in theoretical morphospace analyses |
175 |
|
What more is to be done? |
177 |
|
The re-emergence of the science of morphology |
180 |
| |
|
References |
185 |
|
Index |
197 |